The Philippine Eagle, also known as the monkey-eating eagle, is one of the largest and most majestic raptors in the world. With a wingspan of up to 7 feet and a weight of up to 14 pounds, it is a formidable predator that commands respect and admiration, One Earth reports.

Endemic to the Philippines, this eagle is a symbol of national pride and an important part of the country's cultural heritage, The Vulture Trip reports. However, despite its iconic status, the Philippine Eagle is in grave danger of extinction.

Photo: Adobe Stock / william pedraza/EyeEm
The Philippine Eagle is one of the largest and most powerful eagles in the world.

The Philippine Eagle is listed as Critically Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the highest level of threat for any species. According to the New Scientist, there are fewer than 400 nesting pairs of Philippine Eagles left in the wild, making it one of the rarest and most threatened eagles in the world. Studies show, the main reason for this decline is habitat loss and degradation due to deforestation, as well as hunting and trapping.

The natural habitat of the Philippine Eagle is the tropical rainforests of the Philippines, particularly on the islands of Luzon, Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao. These forests are home to a vast array of endemic wildlife, including other bird species, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians.

Photo: Adobe Stock / Danny Ye
This bird is also known as the monkey-eating eagle because it has been observed preying on monkeys and other small mammals.

However, over the past few decades, these forests have been under intense pressure from logging, mining, and agricultural expansion, Mongabay reports. In Mindanao, for instance, an estimated 40,000 hectares of forest are cleared each year due to commercial timber extraction, unsustainable farming practices, and mining, according to the Whitley Fund for Nature. This habitat loss and fragmentation have severely impacted the Philippine Eagle's breeding success and ability to find food.

Moreover, the Philippine Eagle faces threats from human activities that directly target it, Mongabay reports. Some farmers and hunters see the eagle as a threat to their livestock and crops, and they will shoot or trap them. According to the Cebu Daily News, others capture them illegally for the exotic pet trade or for their feathers, which are highly prized. Even though hunting and trade in the Philippine Eagle are illegal, the enforcement of wildlife protection laws is weak, and poaching continues to be a major threat to the species, reports Conservation International.

Photo: Adobe Stock / Stéphane Bidouze
The Philippine Eagle is found only in the Philippines, particularly in the islands of Luzon, Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao.

The Philippine Eagle's status as an apex predator also makes it vulnerable to environmental toxins and pollution, studies show. These eagles are at the top of the food chain, and any contamination that enters their food supply can accumulate in their bodies and cause health problems. For instance, pesticides used in agriculture can poison their prey, and mercury from mining operations can affect their reproduction and survival.

To save the Philippine Eagle from extinction, urgent and sustained conservation efforts are needed. First and foremost, the protection of remaining habitats is crucial. This requires stronger law enforcement and better governance to prevent deforestation, mining, and other harmful activities, reports Earth Law Center reports. In addition, efforts must be made to restore degraded habitats and promote sustainable land use practices, such as agroforestry, that allow for the coexistence of people and wildlife.

Photo: Adobe Stock / verinize
The Philippine eagle is one of the rarest and most critically endangered eagles in the world.

To reduce the threat of hunting and poaching, conservationists must engage with local communities and raise awareness about the importance of the Philippine Eagle and the need for its protection. This involves promoting alternative livelihoods, such as ecotourism and sustainable agriculture, that can provide income without harming wildlife.

Finally, conservationists must continue to monitor the health of Philippine Eagle populations and address any emerging threats, such as the spread of diseases or pollution, as the Associated Press reports. This requires a long-term commitment to research and monitoring, as well as collaboration with local communities, government agencies, and other stakeholders.

Photo: Adobe Stock / simon
There are estimated to be only around 400 pairs of Philippine eagles left in the wild.

The Philippine Eagle is a magnificent and iconic species that is facing an uncertain future. Its decline is a result of multiple factors, including habitat loss, hunting, and pollution. However, there is still hope for its survival if we take immediate and sustained action to protect its remaining habitats, promote sustainable land use practices, and engage with local communities.

There are also steps you can take to help save the Philippine Eagle from extinction. Click below to take the Philippine Eagle pledge!